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ASTRONOMY TEACHING DAUGHTERS TO

There are my four daughters: Ratzel. Rigel, Cristel and Issel Joseph.

try to learn a little astronomy. Well, not all want to be scientific. But it is possible.

this picture we took in the backyard when we were about to see Jupiter and Saturn, these days are taking their show.

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This is a photograph taken on December 31, 2007, staying with my parents.

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pictured: my only sister, Milagros, my father's brother, Pedro "Pello", Otto, Kennedy, Richard and me.

Missed Peter and Said, who were on the other side of the house.

That night we went from hell, and we ate until dawn, family union and the company of good old friends from childhood.

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Nature: The Social Construction

For the constructivist nature is a social construction. And therefore there is no single nature but many.
Sociologically, it would not know how to begin to address this issue. But what is clear is that in part this statement is quite close to reality. And I say this because everything that man has moved several centuries has been its excess desire to obtain benefits from wherever. Regardless of which abolish or destroy his way, and the first thing that has changed has been the nature.
The problem with all this is that although in the classical school and was a concern for the environment, we can say that this concern has been shown over time as something difficult to integrate within the conceptual apparatus of the economy. In other words, the environment has been, for centuries excluded from the economic system.
This can be seen, when the neoclassical, Leon Walras of clearly defined the characteristics that the economic system had to have was that of a well that might be appropriate, exchange, valuable and producitible. Paying attention only to the first characteristic, it is clear that the environment is not captured by the economic system and this idea has worked in the economy for many decades, and that the man be developing new technologies and to exploit new lands to develop as a country or even a municipality and profit, was ignoring the consequences of their actions, with the sole purpose of economic development.
One reason, no justifiable, which has destroyed the wilderness, has been the lack of legislation that has been a long time. The problem with this is that by not putting some limitations has been destroyed by human hands (hand this seems to obliterate everything it touches, destroying even the most inhospitable corner), provided for the purpose of enrichment. The trouble is that today, despite existing legislation on environmental stricter environment, we even more strongly than before, killing the wilderness.
This widespread evidence that nature must exist in its natural form, as to be changed, what we are altering the natural course of things.
As an economist, I worry a lot, as we can grow and develop more economically without having to continue destroying our natural resources. It is a very difficult question, because until now we need to exploit the resources for significant growth. But what is clear is that these are limited and can not continue operating the way we're doing.
Where is the solution, can use resources efficiently to increase our economic, respecting nature? I believe in capitalism today's society that lives very difficult. Should we change our design for society?, How to tell countries to stop growing?, How does the untapped resources varemos growth to which we are subjected by the European Union?
are so many questions, although a protected wilderness is much better, we are in a society that is today impossible to not end up wiping out the planet.
This statement is painful, but is very close to reality, we mask protection laws to the environment, or defense to child abuse, but companies like Nike are rich at the expense of breaking these laws. And nothing happens.
We buy licenses to pollute, municipalities supporting polluting industries like cement case of San Vicente, for fear that hundreds of workers in this town lose their jobs and lost economic positions.
are given licenses to build on green areas and protected, for my people, which has become a nursing home in the middle of a green area which was also a real way.
How to halt the destruction of the planet, if institutions and governments that move the world are the first to give free rein to its destruction?
every stone is said to move mountains, but the trouble is that we are hitting the basalt walls that protect us from giving us life. The planet. We ended up creating oxygen to survive.

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The biodiesel is a fuel produced from vegetable or animal fat
of diesel quality, for use as biofuel.
The main subjects with which biodiesel is commonly produced are sunflower, rapeseed, soybean, palm, palm kernel oil, recycled vegetable oils and animal fats.
Biodiesel is presented as an ecological fuel that has great environmental benefits because it is a fuel that does not harm the environment, is produced from renewable raw materials, contains virtually no sulfur and prevents the emission of acid rain or greenhouse gases.
Other advantages could be improved combustion, clearly reducing emissions of soot, contains no benzene or other carcinogenic aromatic substances etc.
But say w. Sanchs, in order to end the monopoly of oil, disguised as a green cross, is nothing more than an attempt to create a replacement power.
deal with this issue noting that the energy crisis has triggered a problem that causes inflation in food, which is affecting the poorest in the world, and now it will be most affected due to the use of corn, for example, to produce ethanol to produce a high share of upward pressure on international prices cereals.

Apart from the rise in grain prices, we should join the advanced countries have all the machinery needed to plant and remove it, which again would hurt developing countries, where they have the great plains to produce, or sophisticated machinery used in planting, harvesting.
This will cause further depending on the outside, but this time playing with the inevitable rise in food prices (because this much concern that Chile is the biggest consumer of bread in the world).
biodiesel advocates argue that not being used alimentary agricultural land for these purposes.
But keep in mind that cereals such as maize and wheat and some waste was used as animal feed and not even this can also obtain lands that were not planted with nothing but used to raise cattle and the grass and eat the grass, is being used to obtain biodiesel.
will stress a Sanchs wolfgans phrase "global ecology and the shadow of development" which says "the West, masking worn notions as the development in new green clothes, and eco-development, striving to make operator efficiency levels previously unknown"
I said this sentence, hiding from my point of view all reality and I say this because now the concern of Mr. Bush and his friends has turned to the ecological replacement of oil. Strange this, being an oil state Texas, and amazed that their leader will lead the movement for the eradication of their main source of income.
Therefore we can say that this is just another hidden purpose of enriching themselves at the expense of the disadvantaged and increase the wealth of a few disguised as a green project.

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BIODIESEL VERSUS POWER BULL FIGHT POVERTY

briefly introducing the subject, we can say that the first historical reference to a run dating back to 1080, as part of the wedding celebrations of Prince Sancho de Estrada, in Ávila. As there is a psychological connection between the run and the celebrations for the symbolism between bull and matador, or between male and female, with branches in folklore and popular festivals, and the relationship between the public and the bullfighter. During the Middle Ages
the bullfight takes place gradually and is monopolized by the nobility who, influenced by the gallantry and bad example of the kings, as in Spain today, is disputing the public notoriety, the attention of the ladies and respect for others, showcasing their "value" and gallantry, stalking and spearing bull, regarded as enemies totem great defensive power.
Queen Isabella rejected the bullfights, but not banned, while the Emperor Charles V was distinguished by his supporters and killed a bull with a lance in Valladolid to celebrate the birth of his son Philip II, in whose reign sentences were passed the first church. Today
most of our towns and cities continue to give great importance to this event and we could even say that is one of the most relevant and important events of the festival of the people.
The continuous efforts of the institutions in support of bullfighting and fiestas cruel, in which torture animals of various species in democratic Spain, they face the growing rejection of a more critical youth seeking a more sincere and harmoniously with animals and nature, and a public more skeptical and willing to question not only the quality and origin of food, but also the most egregious diversions. Which would allow to permanent indentation and greater national economic progress social and cultural development realizing the dream of eradicating violent behavior, unsupportive and cruel, like the bullfights, prohibited more than two centuries ago by our illustrious ancestors as a social disease that manifests itself in many ways, destroying our sensitivity and ethical and aesthetic sense of those accepted as normal that the mutilated parts of a peaceful herbivore serve as a reward for his executioners, and even encouraging sexism and gender violence, because if it is accepted that a living being can be tortured for profit and fun, also the human condition can be given the same consideration as we consider that animals are possess inherent rights and not subject to human interest.
We have to learn how modern society that we feel, to also grant animals the rights they deserve, since they, like us, have the ability to feel, to grow and develop.
The historical significance of civil rights, freedom of expression and extension of the natural rights of human beings and animals, for the first time on purely humanitarian, grew out of a deep reassessment of ethical values \u200b\u200band human priorities allowed to challenge any form of animal exploitation and domestication of animals; is a model for social subjection, like hunting, which has historically represented an assertion of power and virility, and vivisection, in addition to a scientific atrocity, mortgage our health, making us hostage to the commercial criteria of the pharmaceutical industry that health can not conceive without resorting to medicines required.
The higher rejection of society to war and cruel spectacles in which animals are tortured and killed for profit and fun, should produce a less tolerant of violence suffered by animals and degrades the entire society, but although some cruel festivities, including the launch of a goat from the church bell manganese, and not allow others, such as the "Toro de la Vega, who is chasing a bull in the field to death with a spear to dispute his testicles as trophies, are justified in bullfights continue to have sufficient institutional support, represented by bull interests, can not educate the society to value equally to all victims of violence, preventing the adoption and implementation of a real state animal protection law, according to a company advanced democracy that respects the interests of the most vulnerable.
If we can establish that we are what we eat and reject the violence associated with the consumption of meat, we should also let others live. If our food is our medicine, can also enable us to redefine the meaning of what we call fun and get to feed the spirit, or soul, learning to appreciate foods derived without violence or cruelty. If we really are compassionate beings, each of us must be part of the solution and demanding the abolition of bullfights that makes a party of pain, focusing our efforts on undermining the political and economic foundations that make it possible to endure an anachronism of our bloody past has no place in a society that defines itself as a modern, democratic and social.
"According to a survey recently, 68% of English are not interested in bullfighting, with the girls and women have the least support them. The Catalan and Galician, with 81 and 79%, respectively, are those who are less interested. Other data show that 82% of English have never been to a bullfight, while 87% condemn the suffering animal on public entertainment. "
Finally, we will address this issue by stating that from an economic point of view the celebration of bullfighting are very positive, but whenever we refer to a small number of benefit agents. Examples might include
The Asprona run on eleven days past the Plaza de Toros de Albacete who has had a profit of 122,776 euros, 17,500 more than the last edition of this festival. The revenue total was 323,842 euros in revenue, while expenses totaled 201,065 euros.Según Asprona sources in the revenue generated by the ticket sales accounted for 62% of the total (201,609 euros) to which must be added those for broadcasting rights, providing TVE 111. 547 euros. The donations were collected away from 6,160 euros and 4,525 service lease.

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Luis Gilberto, 64, remembers her as a Good afternoon, sitting in the seat of your living room, looked with great sadness to his two sons came home from work with faces full of concern, for among all could not or mid-month. Tired Luis
the hardships to which his family was subjected to in their homeland by the serious economic situation in which lives in Ecuador, a situation that results from a long list of shortcomings such as poor access to factors of production to basic social services, health, sanitation and education, to employment opportunities and off-farm, got up and leaning on the window, peered through his glasses the beautiful noise of street trying to retain in his memory. It was at this point that, taking the pack who had accompanied him in his placid rides, filled with hopes and dreams and immigrated to Spain, the land of opportunity that so many later told his countrymen, "the land of hope was called" in search of a better quality of life for his family.
"But the vast majority of Latin American immigrants who come to our country, the smile and dreams they end up getting off the plane."
In the case of Louis to his arrival in Spain, settled in a beautiful city of Murcia, Lorca called. Was soon to reside there, when twelve of his fellow Ecuadorians who were traveling in a van was hit by a train at a crossing. Unfortunately that fateful uncovered following the precariousness of thousands of Ecuadorians and in turn took a toll on many of them, as was the case Huis who did not want to hire.
But as every immigrant who leaves his life in his country and travels in search of opportunities, Luis could not fail to his family that he hoped that foreign remittance as soon as possible, so despite his advanced age he began to play Temporary work in the field, winning as many 600 euros per month.
And right now many will wonder, leaves his country to seek a better quality of life fleeing the poverty to remain as a poor person from earning less than 600 euros in Spain, and is considered an individual in a precarious situation.
But this statement is correct although we have to clarify and that is what we will discuss in the next lines.
We can say that there is no single definition of the meaning of poverty. Aristotle started the debate when he claimed that there needs to separate "natural" and "unnatural." This assumption followed Doyal and Gough when he said that poverty is the deprivation of the satisfaction of basic human needs.
If we focus on these definitions, we could say that Luis is not a poor person, because their basic needs, such as known biological (food, clothing, shelter) are being covered with charged 600 euros.
The problem with all this and is a very important issue is the valuation that each person gives what they are for human needs.
If we focus on the Maslow pyramid we can see that for him human needs are articulated as follows:

The Maslow's hierarchy of needs is often described as a pyramid consisting of 5 levels: the first four levels can be grouped together as deficiency needs (deficit needs), the top level need to be called ("being needs). "The difference is that while the deficit needs can be met, being needs are a constant impelling force." The basic idea of \u200b\u200bthis hierarchy is that the higher needs occupy our attention only after lower needs are satisfied in the pyramid. The forces of growth lead to an upward movement in the hierarchy, whereas regressive forces push prepotent needs down the hierarchy. In terms of economy was widely used method of ranking, until it was simplified into a single "Happiness."
In this sense we could claim to have though Louis has covered their physiological needs, needs not covered as employment security, moral security since it states that you are treated badly and "is like a dictatorship." Neither family safety because his wife and children do not have just to survive in Ecuador.
And following so we could say that the following needs for the last three levels also have a lack of these needs, rather broad. We could therefore say that from the point of view of Maslow, Luis is poor.

The definition of poverty is very subjective, as the needs, including basic are related from the point of view of the individual to analyze them. Since we could find people who would be capable of putting his life for freedom. This is an area in which the Maslow pyramid could be criticized since as we have said there may be individuals who for them is not as important to life, fundamental basic need, such as to escape a dictatorship. Words for this guy would be more important than the first step two.

other hand, we could also address the issue of poverty if we analyze from the standpoint of relative or absolute poverty. To do this we will continue to mention the example given at the beginning of Louis.

Absolute poverty is a poverty level in which certain minimum standard of living, such as nutrition, health and housing can not be achieved.
The people in these circumstances makes less than a dollar per person. The term absolute poverty can be a bit misleading because there is no single standard that defines it: the level of income necessary to achieve this minimum is commonly known as the poverty line , which is defined in several ways by institutions and individuals. In this regard Luis would not put a poor person who earns more than a dollar, if we focus in this definition and also have completed the minimum life.
Absolute poverty can be contrasted with relative poverty, low income or living standards on the rest of society. Luís
If we compare with an individual of Ecuador, we could say that there is relatively poor. Because it has a higher purchasing power than the individual who lives in Ecuador. But when compared with a English guy who is an officer, earns 2500 euros a month, do not abuse it, has a very broad freedoms etc., If we could say that Luis is a relatively poor individual. Finally
and saying to the Survey of Living Conditions could say that Louis is a poor citizen since winning 600 euros and is below average.
conclusion and more from an economic point of view I would like sociological position expressed that human poverty has degraded human lives for centuries, but one of the most remarkable achievements of the twentieth century is the dramatic reduction, income poverty has decreased more rapidly in the last 50 years than in the past 50 decades.
late twentieth century the number of people in hardship in other aspects of life ranging between one billion and two billion, compared with 2 to 3 billion that were made a decade. In the 50's and 60 Asia stagnated while Latin America, Eastern Europe and rich countries, and less time , improved sub-Saharan Africa. Since the mid-70's evolution is largely invierte.Ha changed radically in the last fifteen years. The processes of democratization, decentralization economic reforms and free market have laid the groundwork for a new instance of poverty reduction, giving a wider role for local governments, the private sector and NGOs, individually and / or partners.
Some of the most interesting improvement of the living conditions of the poor in the region involving various forms of partnership between different sectors (public, private, or nonprofit). These experiences have had tangible successes.
These advances are not only quantitative but also qualitative, in particular related to trust building, institutional strengthening (all actors), and more generally linked to the accumulation of social capital. Partnerships show that the combination can be greater than the sum of its parts.

must find ways to coexist in a homogeneous environment, where every nation will benefit from the other, without abuse, obstruction of trade, release or no tax in favor of certain interests. Governments emerging after the birth of globalization have to think critically in technology, scientific progress, financial instruments, and apply it efficiently and consistently to the development of agriculture, education the nutrition, health.
The only way to eradicate poverty and enhance human development is looking for equity securities national equity in competitiveness, equity, international rights and estates trade, as well as respect existing populations based on a humanistic framework. We shall explain to our colleagues, to society that the criticality and completeness with which they look at the clear objectives, the ability to discern the problem, is the key to a smooth development against pobreza.Nuestro is explanatory and easy understand, in the same focus the minimum standards to follow for that goal. a strategy to combat poverty based on adoption of measures in two areas: opportunity and security.

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MUSIC, MAESTRO!


What determines the musical profile of this program? Who and how to design?

Each radio has its musical profile, ie the mix of songs that sound throughout the day and identify the station.

What makes this profile? Who designs?

Music programming largely depends on the tastes of the public who want to achieve. Based on your preferences (not yours!) Set the musical style of your radio.

But not just send the tastes of the audience. If you only offer what we ask, just ask us what offer.

A musical profile drawn exclusively from the primary taste of the public will end up grinding the same records, saying the 30 or 40 popular songs that the labels want to impose. In this case, the radio does not offer.

At the other extreme are the stations that do not take into account the views of the public. The DJs and music programmers decide based on what they like. O software based on a whim that combines the issues are in the club. These stations do not take into account the demand.

How is then the music profile? Is a set of demands and offers of public radio.

Music requires that the audience demands to expand the station's music library. And the music that the station sounds, perhaps not yet well known, it broadens the musical palate of the public.

is as in a restaurant. If many clients are asking for burgers, you will include burgers on the menu (although you personally do not like). But if customers find the letter that there ceviche chicken, some will be asked to taste, savor it, recommend it to their friends. Gradually, the new dish will compete with the greasy burgers.

Thus, among known and unknown, between requested and offered, everyone will be musically satisfied. So, music, maestro!


OFFICE OF DISC-JOCKEY
frequently asked questions are who set records.


- What do you recommend to throw a premiere?
dream just after a disc is already hitting hard this season.

- How many times must I repeat it to stick?
depends. If you sound every two or three hours and is a shot in less than a week have it up. If you spend a week and not the public demands it, place it discreetly in programming.

- What if a program I call a pure candela weepy ballad?
Tell the listener that you will pass your request to the host of the upcoming romantic space.

- And if you insist that I greet him? Do
. Spend the next salsa. But do not break the musical profile of your program. In order to please one thousand upset.

- If I just put Ojos Así Shakira and ask me again?
you wait a while, you greet the listener and you spend another theme of the same Shakira. Or from another singer.

- A confused I asked La Barca de Lucho Gatica on the release schedule. What do I tell?
Nothing. Do not make fun of any solicitation of any listener. Greet him with love and devote another topic.

- All stations are giving tough ask God Los Juanes. What do I do?
Al soft. When abused a topic, you go from happy to cloying. Do not burn so fast hits.

- I ran out of time and still I have a lot of applications.
about tomorrow. Still not over the world.

- There's a guy who calls me everyday at the same time to ask me the same song. Do you pleasure?
No. Tell him to buy a stereo.

- There's a girl who calls me again and again to talk because she feels very alone. Tell
to enroll in the nearest Matrimonial Agency.

- I criticize I speak a lot in the program. Is it true? Surely
. It is always easier to talk straw silent. Remember that the protagonist of a musical is the music.

- say they do not let them hear the entire disc, but ...
No but. Never talk about the singer's voice. Disc-jockey disc jockey means. Hop over the beginning or the end instrumental, not the horse's mouth.

- I'm addicted to music. Sleep with discs, humming in the bathroom, walk with a walkman ...
Congratulations. Speaker and a presenter of the last remaining live CD that hits the market and there is no old LP hide them in the nightclub. Are discoadictos.



FOR TRAINING THE EAR
Have we spent some time on the train radio broadcasters and announcers in music appreciation?

Sometimes we worry about training our speakers and presenters in the proper jurisdiction of the words, good vocals, do exercises to learn to breathe, to educate modular voice and know the phrases, including general monitor animation program.

And the music? Have we spent some time on the train radio broadcasters and announcers in music appreciation? Then let us not complain that they and they open the microphone and they always say the same nonsense.

Thus, open ears. A musically educating the production team. To that end, here are some suggestions.


Invite someone who knows about music (a teacher, an artist) to come to the radio and have a chat with staff about rhythm, melody, music genres, trends.

Get yourself some books on music appreciation, history of different genres, artists biography and put them at the disposal of speakers and presenters. Every week or fortnight can hold one to socialize with the team to read. Encourage broadcasters

and presenters to be putting together a folder of clippings, articles downloaded from the Internet, notes, gossip, information about new releases, music data ... Thus, when a disk file, have something to say about the song and artist .

What is rhythm? Make the next contest with your team of speakers and presenters. You ring the opening chords of a popular song or memory. The first to guess what rhythm is, what genre it belongs, wins a point. Get yourself a prize for whoever gets the most points. The same dynamic

previous guess you can make it to the performer of the song. Or, to find out what country is the rhythm that sounds. Gradually, they will be familiar with the music of each place. Another dynamic

fun is hitting the walls of a room several cards with names of musical rhythms (salsa, merengue, reggaeton, rock, ballad, hip hop, etc). Participants are divided into three groups. Each group has its representative to run. Playing a disc. Who comes first wins the right card. The other two are eliminated. This progress, with new songs and new riders, until only one or one group the better ear.

can also put together a dance contest with a potpourri of different genres and changes very strong rhythm. No prize for the best dancers.

These dynamic exercises and seek not only to improve musical appreciation of the radio team, but put the music in its rightful place. If she takes so much time in the schedule, is well worth our attention.

Good luck, musically and musically!

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STEPS TO SET UP THE PROGRAMMING


What steps to take? What elements taken into account?

Let's do the programming, or reprogramming "of our station. Where do we start? What steps to take? What elements taken into account?

's and public
The kilometer zero is to respond to what and who we think the programming. We do not refer now to the major objectives of the project and previous radio (community service, human rights, the construction of citizenship.) It is more specific goals related to the profile of the radio. For example, a station will close indigenous cultural identity. In a highly patriarchal culture, gender issues will be prioritized. In a mining area, ecological problems will always be on agenda. Trying to determine the core, or the axis-cross the entire programming.

And for those who are designing the program. Because the hearing is not a homogeneous whole. There is an audience, but many audiences. What areas devoted to women and men, children, youth, adults and seniors? What languages? "In our coverage area speak a single language? And as for the social sector we want to achieve: more popular, more middle class, more urban, more rural, more migrants or informal?

Let's start there, face defining how and with whom we interact.


A good diagnosis

There are many things to know before embarking on the adventure of riding a schedule:

know the context. What institutions are in the area, which are credible, which are the centers of economic and political power, who are the friends and enemies, with whom we interact, with whom we make alliances? Knowing
audiences. Who do I go when I open the microphone? What are your hours, what they like and dislike? How to have fun, what music do you prefer? How do they talk, what sayings used? What are their most pressing needs? What other means consume media? "Culture, customs, religion? Know competition
. How many stations enter the recipients of my target audience, to what extent they have, what needs of the public respond? What are the best programs and your favorite speakers? What position they occupy in the rating? What are our comparative advantages in relation to these stations?
know our resources. What team have? What training have, how motivated they work, how they relate to each other and with each other? Are they creative? What technical equipment? Can we design a program bold street with them?
With these data, and some more that they occur to you, we can get down to programming. Until next radioclip!

STEPS TO SET UP THE PROGRAMMING
A new program is like a newborn. We must join him in his early months to walk alone.

already set the mood for your programming and audiences that want to prioritize. You've done a good diagnosis of the context, your human and technical resources, and the stations of competition you face.

Now is the most creative. We need to invent, design and distribute the different spaces along programming. We must build the "grill" or "bar" of programs on 24 hours a day and seven days a week.

For each program (at least) you must specify them:

Program Name: Public
that goes:
Duration:
Frequency:
Entertainers / drivers:
production Responsible: Thematic
:
radio formats and resources:
Music:
modes of public participation:
overall program design, evaluation mechanisms
:

What is the best frequency for a program? Let's say that radio is cyclical, like life. Again and again, not stopping. For this reason, the optimal frequency is daily, Monday through Friday, as is habit forming. Loose programs or every other day, or twice a week, do not give much result.

programs weekend they can attract a large audience. As Saturday and Sunday are days of rest and sports programming is also more relaxed and festive. Once armed

programs of the week and have regular programming. During the year, to design special programs as the holidays or other occasions.

should not take all new programs at the same time. It would be madness. Go slowly, throws one, evaluates and adjusts, throws another, and so on. The rest of the time, until you have established the main spaces, filled with music.

A new program is like a newborn. We must join him in his early months to walk alone. How goes like this, what causes reactions, how people participate, which leads down relationship with the public? Who has responsibility for the programming should continuously monitor the new space and not be guided by two or three quick call encouraging. If the program is good, could be better. If better can be the maximum.

One last tip. The hearing is not as stable as we want: tired, bored, seduced by other radios. Also the creativity of our farmers and producers wears and loses momentum. So, every so often, once a year, at least, do a poll of audience to learn how your radio is reaching the public that seeks to achieve. For this, you will surveys, interviews and focus groups.



CAMPAIGN TIME What do we need to design a radio campaign to get the results you expected?

One or several times a year, a citizen can file radio campaign. This will include team work and programming for the purpose of that campaign.

How to ask a campaign? What do we need to design it so that it mobilizes and get the results?

Before undertaking a campaign, we must be clear about these points: OBJECTIVE


The first is to identify the problem that we face and know its real causes. This is causing changes in attitudes and behavior with respect to that problem. For example, to reforest an area. Or that the settlers take their ID. Or that young people use condoms. The general objectives campaigns reach far and tighten slightly. Goals should be specific, realistic and measurable. TARGET


Who is affected by the problem? Who and how they can solve it? What are the judgments or prejudices that are on this issue? AREA OF INTERVENTION

"The campaign will cover the whole area of \u200b\u200bradio coverage or focus on one neighborhood in a district in a specific area? NAME AND SLOGAN


A good campaign needs a catchy slogan and creative. The message must be clear (cognitive level), motivational (affective level) and motivating (Level of commitment.) This slogan was repeated in spots, on posters everywhere. Try not sound like "taxation", but "invitation." DURATION


A month and a half or two months is a recommended time. Maybe take a little more. But do not overreach the campaign because it will lose intensity. Perhaps it is better two brief campaigns that long. RESPONSIBLE


The station, who will be directly responsible? Although everyone work together, it is essential that there be a captain or captain of the campaign. ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED


Who will be our partners and allies? A campaign against gender violence must articulate it with the Women's Police Station. The station will be linked to conventions and social movements related to the issue of the campaign.

MEDIA FRIENDS
Wherever possible, we try to sensitize other media and journalists friends who are interested in the aim of the campaign. Send them press releases, invite them to planning meetings. They are not rivals, are colleagues.


radio activities can produce between 3 and 6 spots. They scheduled a dozen times a day throughout the duration of the campaign and most-watched hours prioritized hearing. It's good to validate the spots before launching into the air. We must also set other spaces: radioclips, panels, debates, the news sections, maybe a soap opera. All programming is in season.
ACTIVITIES OUTSIDE THE RADIO
A festival of song, a march for peace, a play on the street, a massive planting of trees, a protest outside the hall, a symbol in the central square, house to house visits. BUDGET


economic evaluations should be all campaign activities, including those carried out by the radio. For example, the recorded spots and patterns our station, but have economic value. Specify the local contribution will help us in seeking public and private sponsors for the greater success of the campaign. EVALUATION MECHANISMS


At the end of the campaign, we must evaluate the results. Have you met your goals? Why or why not? And now what we will follow this campaign?



DECALOGUE
radio program Love your audience above all else.
radioapasionado A friend sent us the Ten Commandments of Good Radio Producer and Producer. It's nice. I can hang in front of your computer to remember none of these holy Ten Commandments.

I LOVE YOUR HEARING ON ALL THINGS
Customize your speech. Imagine your audience. In the singular, not an anonymous mass. And above all, make very participatory sections. Good radio is bidirectional.

II NOT TAKE THE WORD IN VAIN
Plan your program. Read, research. Search data. Arrange your ideas. And do not say what you say is important ... Make it important!

III sanctify VOCAL CORDS
Your throat is your tool. Take care. Do not smoke. Learn to breathe. Modula and pronounce well. Take breaks. Talk to the whole body. Never pretend voice.

IV Honored With YOUR LANGUAGE TO MEN AND WOMEN
not use sexist language that leaves out most of the population. Includes both sexes. Say hello to friends. Mentioned to boys and girls. It's worth the effort.

V NO KILL YOUR AUDIENCE OF BOREDOM
Keep attentive and entertaining the audience. Use humor, laugh, tells stories, talks with sayings. Do not make speeches or give moral advice. Narrating is an art.

VI will not wish impure imitate others
Do not imitate other speakers or presenters. Discover your own style at the microphone. Be original, work creatively. And above all, gives free rein to the imagination. VII

ROBES WILL NOT PROGRAM YOUR PASSION
Talk with enthusiasm and conviction. Conveys strong emotions. Your worst enemy is routine. And the best compliment, when you say you're a radioapasionada a radioapasionado. VIII

NOT LIE TO YOUR AUDIENCE
ethics first. Consistency between what you say in the cabin and what you do outside it. You owe it to the public. Do not sell to the highest bidder political, religious or business.

not covet IX NON LANGUAGES
Perish the journalistic jargon called "hospital" to hospital and "mayor" to the mayor. Your language simple, popular, everyday. A "speech" and a natural tone. X

not covet STAY IN CABIN
Go out, do interviews on the market and the plaza. Do debates in schools. That your programs are to people and from people. Because the best radio is off the radio.

PROFILE OF A COMMUNITY PROGRAMMING PROGRAMMING

STREET
needed, and increasingly, the radio goes on the street.  Remove
microphones outside, people closer to where people are. 
Street is the place radio production of community radio
 A radio that does not expect to come to it, but must go to meet his audience. INTERACTIVE PROGRAMMING

 do together This is the radio transmitters and receivers. 
initiatives to benefit the public good, collective creativity that exceeds by far the team's producer.
 The broadcasting ombudsmen are representatives and defenders of public interest. Its function is not limited to host journalistic or corrections to accommodate the right of reply.
 They are the ones best able to provide a real interactive media mass communication. 
Through them, the public participates not only in programs but in the same programming and design. PROGRAMMING

 Sensual SENSUAL mean that we go through the five senses. The colors, smells, sounds, tastes, textures, all that we can create auditory images with good use of radio language, produce beauty.  We need programs
technically and aesthetically well finished, well to music, superbly conducted, harmonious, colorful, poetic, attractive. 
Captivating. Sexy and sentimental, so that the words are not in the skin and reach the heart, the spirit of the deep folds. And that is the sensuality that we seek is twofold: on programs and programmers. PROGRAMMING


The FANTASIA FANTASTIC. People to dream, to imagine other worlds. And imagine his own world transformed.
That's the fantasy: the ability to stick to black and white colors of everyday life. Everyday. The common, everyday. Therefore, we must fully understand the little word: the everyday is not an issue, but his treatment. Any subject can be addressed in simple language.
remember our educational programs called. In that deal?
Machismo, alcoholism, drugs, etc. price the bread rises, lowering morale, increasing crime ...

We talk about it, yes. But even days.
In the odd, let's talk about other things more refreshing. Fantasy

to return to it, but seeing with new eyes, soñándola different.

agile programming
cholesterol also goes up in programming.
Programs fat, become heavy, graceless, without rhythm. Speaking
flexible programs is talking about stitches and tips. Flashes, single notes, holders, mobile unit passes, firmware, microreportajes, minidramatizaciones, sketches, interviews very edited, shock effects fast inputs and outputs even faster. Programming

light and therefore no surface life is too fast, surprise.

Life, as John Lennon said, is what happens to you while you're busy making other plans ..